In one of the previous articles ( here ), was mentioned about the effort to re-introduce brown bears in Pirinei mountains, northern Spain. There have been a number of bears captured (mostly from Slovenia) and released in several areas of the mountains, enough to call it a symbolical re-population of the vast area with one of Europe’s top predators, but not enough to secure a viable and self-sustaining population.

Travelling in one of the areas, we had the chance to enjoy authentic mountain scenery, and also learn from locals what is their view on the topic, after reading in press few claims of bear attack over the livestock grazing freely in an area, including a horse! Pretty unheard for a brown bear to attack such big animals, known that they are shy animals, and most of them live on a complete vegetarian diet, unless opportunistically an occasion arises to find a dead animal on their way!

What we were told by locals is that the release of bears was inappropriate, that the central government agreed to an European funded project to re-populate the area with brown bears, but in fact some bears being relocated were coming from private hunting reserves, where they were used to eating livestock…that could have explained indeed the recent attacks in the areas. Unfortunately this bad experience turned completely the local populations against bears in general, which otherwise are peaceful animals, and we are personally afraid that the whole project is now compromised, as well as in the near future, as skeptics will always use this bad experience to fight off any new attempts of the bear introduction. Also all local bears already released, bad or good ones, they are under risk of being shot, poisoned and trapped, by local hunters, thinking they will do what is just, even if illegal!

Pretty sad news, after an initial successful re-integration when few female brown bears already had small cubs, sign that they find enough food in the area and they would accommodate well! A recent amateur video shows a brown bear caught on camera in the area (however a very bad practice to try to film animals this way): video here

The red deer is one of the largest deer species. The red deer inhabits most of Europe, the Caucasus Mountains region and parts of Asia. It also inhabits the Atlas Mountains region between Morocco and Tunisia in northwestern Africa, being the only species of deer to inhabit Africa. Although at one time red deer were rare in parts of Europe, they were never close to extinction.

Subtle differences in appearance are noted between the various subspecies of red deer, primarily in size and antlers, with the smallest being the Corsican red deer found on the islands of Corsica and Sardinia and the largest being the Caspian red deer (or maral) of Asia Minor and the Caucasus Region to the west of the Caspian Sea. The deer of Central and Western Europe vary greatly in size, with some of the largest deer found in the Carpathian Mountains in Central Europe.

Mature red deer usually stay in single-sex groups for most of the year. During the mating season, called the rut, mature stags compete for the attentions of the hinds and will then try to defend the hinds they attract. Rival stags challenge opponents by belling and walking in parallel. This allows combatants to assess each other’s antlers, body size and fighting prowess. If neither stag backs down, a clash of antlers can occur (as present in attached picture), and stags sometimes sustain serious injuries.

Red deer are widely depicted in cave art found throughout European caves, with some of the artwork dating from as early as 40,000 years ago! What a great animal, another symbol of wilderness!

ARAN PARK is located in central Pirinei mountains, on Spanish side of the northern border with France, allowing visitors to get familiar with large mammals (bears, wolves, wild black goats, lynx, deer,…) in their natural environment (living in semi-liberty). These wild animals were once a common sight in Pirinei, especially the large predators, but nowadays due to human activity their number were drastically reduced. The park’s main purpose is to educate, and they are doing a great job in this regard, tourists (families with kids) having the chance to see the animals from close distance and to learn about them through various site activities. And this is very important as wildlife activists are trying to lobby the increase number of brown bears living freely in Pirinei, from around 30 exemplars to minimum 50 exemplars, which would be more self sustainable. The bears were brought in from Slovenia starting 1996 (as the last local Pirinei specimen died in 2004). Now, as of 2016, there were 10 males, 13 females with 6 small cubs born in 2015 and 7 more cubs born in 2016. Another mature male, named Goiat, was just released in 2016 (to see video click following link: Goiat, Pirinei, 2016 ). We are also happy to have contributed a small fee to a dedicated French team to help monitoring the brown bears in Pirinei, this way we can have more feeds/news on the bears well-being (if interested joining, click here Pirinei wild brown bears monitoring program )!

Also you can find out more about the park at www.aran-park.es , recommending checking the schedule before visiting!

We are just outside city of Barcelona, in the multi-peaked rocky mountain range called Montserrat (literally means “saw mountain”), with highest summit at 1236 m. It is well known as the site of the Benedictine abbey, Santa Maria de Montserrat, which hosts the Virgin of Montserrat sanctuary and which is identified by some with the location of the Holy Grail in Arthurian myth. The forests around are part of Montserrat Natural Park, home to some mammals like squirrels, cats, boars and wild goats, which we had the privilege to spot on nearby rocks!

Barcelona is one of biggest city in Spain and even in Europe, with an estimate 4.7 Mil people living in its extended urban area, a top touristic destination at Mediterranean sea. What is less known to non-residents is that the woods around the city are home to a growing population of wild boars, which normally, as night approaches, they come out to feed, sometimes even reaching urban parks, round-abouts and other populated area! Apart from a boom in their population due to lack of natural predators, another reason of their presence at night in urban areas is one of the long term effect of humans hunting the wild boars. Very intelligent, the wild boars (as well as other animals), they learned the under cover of night they are less likely to meet humans, and the urban areas are complete safe heaven from shooting and hunting (with a bonus in food from uncovered garbage areas – not often the case in urban Barcelona).

While some of us enjoy their company, the phenomenon is quite an anomaly, a very adaptive animal multiplying above natural limits. Maybe it is time for authorities to think about re-introduction of natural predators, best suggestion would be the wolf and the lynx (due to its shy nature, it would do all possible to avoid contact with people, while its relative small size would guarantee no danger to humans in case of crossing paths)! That is surely a more efficient and ethical solution instead of hunting, which is the existing preferred method, due to obvious reasons: material profit for local authorities budgets and a few wild boar meat processing factories, which lobby for their own market survival!